
The End of Everything (Astrophysically Speaking)
Katie Mack
Scribner (Buy from *)
âPHYSICS is wild.â Katie Mack repeats this on at least two occasions in The End of Everything. It is a mantra for her book, which guides readers on a tour of some of the wildest areas of physics and how they will someday contribute to the end of the universe.
For a book on a seemingly grim subject, it made me chuckle on many occasions, particularly the footnotes, which read like a director making snarky asides about her own film. The main text is more like an animated discussion with your favourite quirky and brilliant professor. Its references range from William Shakespeare and Nicolaus Copernicus to Friedrich Nietzsche and modern science fiction.
What stands out most is Mackâs pure enjoyment of physics, and it is contagious. She describes primordial black holes as âawfully cute in a terrifying theoretical kind of wayâ, antimatter as âmatterâs annihilation-happy evil twinâ, grand unified theories as âall-in-one particle physics part[ies]â and the universe as âfrickinâ weirdâ. All of these are true, and Mack entertainingly explains why.
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The frame for Mackâs rollicking tour through the nooks and crannies of physics is an exploration of the ways our universe might end, from the relatively mundane (everything just keeps getting further apart forever) to the mildly terrifying (a bubble of death that expands at the speed of light until it devours everything without warning).
We donât know for sure which of these dooms will occur because some of the biggest questions in the universe, such as the nature of dark matter and dark energy, remain unanswered.
Mack acknowledges that many of these concepts are hard to explain without heavy use of mathematics, and then goes on to explain them expertly with no equations whatsoever.
âThe book is like an animated discussion with your favourite quirky and brilliant professorâ
As I spend a lot of my time reading about cosmology and speaking to cosmologists about these issues, I didnât expect to learn too many new facts and concepts. I was pleasantly surprised. I learned a great deal, including how white dwarf stars work, how extra dimensions might affect our own universe and the ominous nature of the big crunch, in which the entire universe contracts and returns to its beginning state.
Mackâs explanations range from the colossal (galaxies colliding) to the seemingly humdrum (why air conditioners are bad for the environment), and she seems to have unending curiosity and enthusiasm for all of it.
Like any physics book, there are areas that are somewhat confusing â Mack could no more get me to understand âlargeâ or âsmallâ extra dimensions than the cosmologist I once asked to confirm that a small extra dimension wasnât âsmall like a jelly beanâ. But overall, the clarity was refreshing, even when the state of physics theory on the matter is somewhere between âwe are still trying to understandâ and âwe will probably never knowâ.
Unlike any other astrophysicist or cosmologist I have asked, she manages to coherently explain the big rip, in which dark energy tears asunder everything from clusters of galaxies down to single atoms, without using the word âvirialisedâ (physics jargon that basically means âgravitationally bound and stableâ).
It is also refreshing, the state of the world being what it is right now, to read about something larger.
Every one of the scenarios in the book is only likely to take place billions of years in the future, long after Earth has been vapourised in the expanding sun.
As the final chapter acknowledges, there are infinite ways to feel about the end of the universe, and you may feel differently about different sorts of end. No matter how hard things are here on Earth right now, at least the universe hasnât become so hot that even stars âcatch fireâ.
What all the endings have in common is to highlight the vastness of the universe, and the banality of our everyday existence.
If you need a moment to be distracted from everyday life and journey to the deep cosmic future, I highly recommend The End of Everything.
In it, Mack seems unable to help describing complex physics concepts as âfunâ and âcoolâ. She is right, and her book is also fun and cool.
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